Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has become a focal point in managing type 2 diabetes and supporting weight loss. Let’s look at a high-level view of what GLP-1 is, how GLP-1 therapies work, and why people use them.

What Is GLP-1?

GLP-1 is a hormone produced in the small intestine in response to food intake. It plays a crucial role in:

• Regulating Blood Sugar:

• Stimulates insulin secretion when blood glucose levels are high.
• Inhibits glucagon (see below) release, reducing blood glucose levels.

• Managing Appetite:

• Slows gastric emptying, leading to a feeling of fullness.
• Acts on the brain to decrease hunger.

Extra Nerd Nugget: Glucagon is a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas. It plays a crucial role in blood sugar regulation by stimulating the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream. This process, called glycogenolysis, raises blood glucose levels, making glucagon the counteracting hormone to insulin, which lowers blood glucose. Glucagon is typically released in response to low blood sugar levels, fasting, or intense physical activity. Glucagon’s role is partially counteractive to GLP-1, but the interaction is more nuanced than simple opposition.

What Are GLP-1 Regimens?

GLP-1 receptor agonists are medications that mimic the action of natural GLP-1. They are used to:

• Improve Blood Sugar Control: Enhance insulin secretion and suppress glucagon release.
• Support Weight Loss: Reduce appetite and slow stomach emptying.
• Reduce Cardiovascular Risks: Some GLP-1 therapies have been shown to lower the risk of heart-related complications.

Common GLP-1 Medications Include:

• Exenatide (Byetta®, Bydureon®)
• Liraglutide (Victoza®, Saxenda®)
• Dulaglutide (Trulicity®)
• Semaglutide (Ozempic®, Wegovy®)

Why Do People Use GLP-1 Therapies?

1. Managing Type 2 Diabetes:
• Helps maintain healthy blood glucose levels.
• Reduces the need for additional insulin therapy.
2. Weight Management:
• Aids in weight loss by decreasing appetite.
• Beneficial for individuals with obesity-related health issues.
3. Cardiovascular Benefits:
• Lowers the risk of heart attack and stroke in certain individuals.

Considerations and Side Effects

While effective, GLP-1 therapies may have side effects:

• Gastrointestinal Issues: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation are common.
• Hypoglycemia: Risk increases if combined with other glucose-lowering medications.
• Other Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, and injection site reactions, hormonal imbalances, muscle loss.

Consulting with a healthcare provider is essential to determine if GLP-1 therapy is appropriate and to manage any side effects.

Conclusion

GLP-1 therapies play a significant role in managing type 2 diabetes and aiding weight loss. Understanding how they work and why they are used empowers individuals to make informed decisions about their health in collaboration with their healthcare providers.

Disclaimer:

This blog is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional experienced in functional medicine before starting any new supplement, especially if you are on medication or have underlying health conditions.

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product and statements in this blog are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.